Journal of Petrology Volume 41 Number 4 Pages 477-509 2000
© Oxford University Press 2000
Trace Element Residence and Partitioning in Mantle Xenoliths Metasomatized by Highly Alkaline, Silicate- and Carbonate-rich Melts (Kerguelen Islands, Indian Ocean)
1GEMOC ARC NATIONAL KEY CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY, NORTH RYDE, N.S.W. 2109, AUSTRALIA
2DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY–UMR 6524, UNIVERSITY J. MONNET, 23 RUE P. MICHELON, 42023 ST-ETIENNE, FRANCE
Mantle xenoliths in alkaline lavas of the Kerguelen Islands consist of: (1) protogranular, Cr-diopside-bearing harzburgite; (2) poikilitic, Mg-augite-bearing harzburgite and cpx-poor lherzolite; (3) dunite that contains clinopyroxene, spinel phlogopite, and rarely amphibole. Trace element data for rocks and minerals identify distinctive signatures for the different rock types and record upper-mantle processes. The harzburgites reflect an initial partial melting event followed by metasomatism by mafic alkaline to carbonatitic melts. The dunites were first formed by reaction of a harzburgite protolith with tholeiitic to transitional basaltic melts, and subsequently developed metasomatic assemblages of clinopyroxene + phlogopite ± amphibole by reaction with lamprophyric or carbonatitic melts. We measured two-mineral partition coefficients and calculated mineral–melt partition coefficients for 27 trace elements. In most samples, calculated budgets indicate that trace elements reside in the constituent minerals. Clinopyroxene is the major host for REE, Sr, Y, Zr and Th; spinel is important for V and Ti; orthopyroxene for Ti, Zr, HREE, Y, Sc and V; and olivine for Ni, Co and Sc.
KEY WORDS: mantle xenoliths; mantle metasomatism; partition coefficients; Kerguelen Islands; trace elements
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