Journal of Petrology Volume 41 Number 7 Pages 1057-1069 2000
© Oxford University Press 2000
Olivine Compositions in Picrite Basalts and the Deccan Volcanic Cycle
11-10-153 SARDAR PATEL ROAD, XRF & EMP LABORATORY, ATOMIC MINERALS DIRECTORATE FOR EXPLORATION AND RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY, BEGUMPET, HYDERABAD 500 016, INDIA
2NATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, HYDERABAD 500 007, INDIA
3GEOSCIENCES RESEARCH DIVISION, SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY, LA JOLLA, CA 92093-0220, USA
Olivine phenocryst compositions and whole-rock chemical compositions are used to identify primitive picrite basalts from widely separated parts of the Deccan flood basalt province. Overall, primitive picrites constitute a significant volume of rocks within the province. Most were probably emplaced along deep faults in the Cambay graben and Narmada rift regions. We combine mineral composition data on previously described samples from boreholes at Dhandhuka, Wadhwan and Botad with information on new finds of picritic basalts at Paliad, Anila, Pawagarh, Kawant and Ambadongar to help delineate the petrogenesis of these mafic rocks, and we also examine the nature and probable origin of picrite basalts from other regions of the Deccan, such as the Western Ghats. The combined data suggest that the incidence of high-MgO lavas decreased with time during the Deccan volcanic cycle.
KEY WORDS: Deccan Traps; olivine composition; picrite basalts; volcanic cycle
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