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Journal of Petrology | Volume 1 | Number 1 | Pages 261-285 | 1960
© Oxford University Press 1960

research-article

The Geochemistry of Scapolite

Part II. Trace Elements, Petrology, and General Geochemistry

DENIS M. SHAW

Department of Geology, McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

ABSTRACT

Fifty scapolites have been analysed spectrographically for numerous elements. Average concentrations (p.p.m.) were as follows: B 25, Be 9–3, Ga 33, Ti 82, Li 56, Cu 4–4, Zr 59, Mn 57, Sr 1,800, Pb 45, Ba 120, Rb 20. The following were seldom or never detected: Cr, Ni, Co, Mo, Sn, V, Sc, Ag, Y, La. The major elements Ca, Na, K were also determined. The distribution of the trace elements can be explained by isomorphous substitution, but no detailed correlation of trace elements with each other or with major elements was found.

Refractive indices were determined and the relation between average index and per cent Me was examined: correlation was poor, which may in part be attributed to analytical error.

Examination of scapolite parageneses shows that scapolite characteristically occurs in the upper amphibolite facies or the pyroxene hornfels facies: it is not restricted to these and may occur in any facies from zeolitic to granulitic and in any hornfels facies. The elements generally concentrated in scapolite include Ca, Na, C, Cl, S, H, B, Be, Li, Sr, Pb. The presence of C, Cl, S, H testify to genesis in the presence of high partial pressure of CO2, Cl2, SO3, H2O (or related compounds), that is in pneumatolytic, pegmatitic, or hydrothermal environments. The concentration of B, Be, Li can also be attributed to these conditions.

The source of the elements concentrated in scapolite must in part be common rocks. In a limited contact zone, the nearby magma supplied some elements, but where regional scapolitization has taken place the presence of magma is less clear. Many common rocks or rock series contain all the necessary constituents, but some particular conjunction of conditions is necessary for scapolite to form, or it would be more common.


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