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Journal of Petrology Volume 42 Number 11 Pages 2145-2167 2001
© Oxford University Press 2001
High Field Strength Element Fractionation in the Upper Mantle: Evidence from Amphibole-Rich Composite Mantle Xenoliths from the Kerguelen Islands (Indian Ocean)
1DÉPARTEMENT DE GÉOLOGIE–UMR 6524, UNIVERSITÉ J. MONNET, 42023 SAINT-ETIENNE, FRANCE
2GEMOC ARC NATIONAL KEY CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY, 2109 N.S.W., AUSTRALIA
3DÉPARTEMENT DE SCIENCES DE LA TERRE–UMR 5570, ENS-LYON, 69364 LYON, FRANCE
A basanite dyke in the Kerguelen Archipelago contains abundant composite mantle xenoliths consisting of spinel-bearing dunites cross-cut by amphibole-rich veins. Two types of veins (thick and thin) have been distinguished: the thick veins represent almost complete crystallization products of highly alkaline melts similar to the host basanites, whereas thin veins are precipitates from fractionates of the parental melts to the thick veins. These fractionated fluids are enriched in H2O relative to the parental melts. The amphiboles in the thin veins are lower in Ti and higher in Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf than amphiboles in the thick veins. This fractionation of high field strength elements (HFSE) is consistent with a combination of the changing composition of the fractionated fluids and the change in intrinsic amphibole–fluid partition coefficients for HFSE in fluids with higher aH2O and lower aTiO2. The trace element content of amphiboles disseminated in dunitic wall-rocks is closely related to the composition of adjacent veins and thus these amphiboles are precipitates from fluids percolating into the dunite from the veins. Disseminated amphibole reflects the composition of the percolating melt, which is similar to that of the associated veins.
KEY WORDS: mantle amphibole; Kerguelen; HFSE fractionation; mantle HFSE; mantle xenoliths
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