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Journal of Petrology Volume 42 Number 6 Pages 1197-1218 2001
© Oxford University Press 2001

Osmium Isotopic Evidence for Crust–Mantle Interaction in the Genesis of Continental Intraplate Basalts from the Newer Volcanics Province, Southeastern Australia

J. S. McBRIDE1,*, D. D. LAMBERT1, I. A. NICHOLLS1 and R. C. PRICE2

1VICTORIAN INSTITUTE OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES, MONASH UNIVERSITY, MELBOURNE, VIC. 3168, AUSTRALIA
2DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES, WAIKATO UNIVERSITY, HAMILTON, NEW ZEALAND

Basalts from the Quaternary Newer Volcanics Province in southeastern Australia have a large diversity in their chemical and Nd, Sr and Os isotopic compositions. Plains series olivine tholeiites and Cones series nepheline hawaiites have distinctive isotopic compositions and are clearly not related to each other by a simple genetic process. The Cones series nepheline hawaiites have trace element abundances and Nd ({epsilon}Nd = +4·1 and +3·8), Pb (206Pb/204Pb = 18·62 and 18·70) and Os ({gamma}Os = +6 and +7) isotopic compositions that fall within the range of ocean-island basalts (OIB). In contrast, the Plains series olivine tholeiites have lower {epsilon}Nd (+0·9 to +2·3), more radiogenic Sr (87Sr/86Sr = 0·7045–0·7053), and considerably higher {gamma}Os (+42 to +250). The relatively low Os concentrations observed in the Plains series olivine tholeiites [Os = 12–45 parts per trillion (ppt)] compared with the more ‘primitive’ Cones series nepheline hawaiites (Os = 160 and 250 ppt), render them more susceptible to contamination processes that can obscure their primary mantle signatures. Trace element trends and isotopic modelling suggest that the unusual geochemical signatures observed within the Plains series olivine tholeiites are the result of assimilation of continental crust possessing variable isotopic signatures. However, the Cones series ne-hawaiites have trace element and isotopic compositions consistent with their derivation from melting of either a mantle plume (OIB-type source) or ‘veined’ sub-continental lithospheric mantle.

KEY WORDS: crust; intraplate basalts; mantle; Newer Volcanics Province; Re–Os


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