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Journal of Petrology Advance Access published online on December 3, 2004
Journal of Petrology, doi:10.1093/petrology/egh090
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Journal of Petrology © Oxford University Press 2005; all rights reserved
Received September 15, 2003
Accepted October 7, 2004

Article

FTIR Spectrum of Phenocryst Olivine as an Indicator of Silica Saturation in Magmas

S. MATVEEV 1*, M. PORTNYAGIN 2, C. BALLHAUS 3, R. BROOKER 4, and C. A. GEIGER 5

1 DEPARTMENT OF EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA, 1-26 EARTH SCIENCES BUILDING, EDMONTON, ALTA., TG6 2E3, CANADA; INSTITUT FÜR MINERALOGIE, UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER, CORRENSSTR. 24, 48149 MÜNSTER, GERMANY
2 LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE FOR MARINE SCIENCES, DYNAMICS OF THE OCEAN FLOOR, WISCHHOFSTR. 1-3, 24148 KIEL, GERMANY
3 INSTITUT FÜR MINERALOGIE, UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER, CORRENSSTR. 24, 48149 MÜNSTER, GERMANY
4 DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL, QUEENS ROAD, BRISTOL BS8 1RJ, UK
5 INSTITUT FÜR GEOWISSENSCHAFTEN, UNIVERSITÄT KIEL, LUDEWIG-MEYN-STRAßE 10, 24118 KIEL, GERMANY

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
S. MATVEEV, E-mail: smatveev{at}ualberta.ca


  Abstract

Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectra of hydroxyl were measured on olivine phenocrysts from hydrous basaltic melts that originated in island-arc tectonic settings. The basaltic melts encompass a wide range of silica activities from orthopyroxene-saturated hypersthene-normative to nepheline-normative compositions. The intensities and wavenumber placement of hydroxyl absorption bands correlate with the degree of silica saturation of the parent melt from which the olivine crystallized. Olivines from silica-undersaturated nepheline-normative melts absorb IR radiation in the wavenumber range 3430-3590 cm-1 (Group 1). In contrast, olivines from orthopyroxene-saturated boninitic melts exhibit hydroxyl absorption bands in the wavenumber range 3285-3380 cm-1 (Group 2). Olivines crystallized at intermediate silica activities exhibit a combination of the two groups of hydroxyl IR bands, where the proportion of Group 2 bands increases with increasing silica saturation of the parent melt. The positions of hydroxyl absorption peaks observed here for natural samples are consistent with previous measurements on experimentally annealed olivines. Thus protonation experiments can be employed to make spectroscopically dry olivine structures visible by IR, yielding information on the silica saturation of the parental magmas. Hydroxyl concentrations in the studied olivines were estimated to be 1-2 ppm, corresponding to an olivine-melt partition coefficient of ~(1·0 ± 0·3) x 10-4.

Keywords: nominally anhydrous minerals; olivine; water; mantle; silica activity; melt inclusions.
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