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Journal of Petrology Advance Access published online on August 17, 2006
Journal of Petrology, doi:10.1093/petrology/egl041
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received November 10, 2004
Accepted July 25, 2006

Article

Contributions of Slab Fluid, Mantle Wedge and Crust to the Origin of Quaternary Lavas in the NE Japan Arc

JUN-ICHI KIMURA 1 * and TAKEYOSHI YOSHIDA 2

1 DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCE, SHIMANE UNIVERSITY, MATSUE 690-8504, JAPAN
2 INSTITUTE OF MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY AND ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, TOHOKU UNIVERSITY, AOBAKU, SENDAI 980-8578, JAPAN

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
JUN-ICHI KIMURA, E-mail: jkimura{at}riko.shimane-u.ac.jp; kmrjunichi2006@yahoo.co.jp


  Abstract

Quaternary lavas from the NE Japan arc show geochemical evidence of mixing between mantle-derived basalts and crustal melts at the magmatic front, whereas significant crustal signals are not detected in the rear-arc lavas. The along-arc chemical variations in lavas from the magmatic front are attributable almost entirely to geochemical variations in the crustal melts that were mixed with a common mantle-derived basalt. The mantle-derived basalts have slightly enriched Sr-Pb and depleted Nd isotopic compositions relative to the rear-arc lavas, but the variation is less pronounced if crustal contributions are eliminated. Therefore, the source mantle compositions and slab-derived fluxes are relatively uniform, both across and along the arc. Despite this, incompatible element concentrations are significantly higher in the rear-arc basalts. We examine an open-system, fluid-fluxed melting model, assuming that depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)-source mantle melted by the addition of fluids derived from subducted oceanic crust (MORB) and sediment (SED) hybrids at mixing proportions of 7% and 3% SED in the frontal- and rear-arc sources, respectively. The results reproduce the chemical variations found across the NE Japan arc with the conditions: 0·2% fluid flux with degree of melting F = 3% at 2 GPa in the garnet peridotite field for the rear arc, and 0·7% fluid flux with F = 20% at 1 GPa in the spinel peridotite field beneath the magmatic front. The chemical process operating in the mantle wedge requires: (1) various SED-MORB hybrid slab fluid sources; (2) variable amounts of fluid; (3) a common depleted mantle source; (4) different melting parameters to explain across-arc chemical variations.

Keywords: arc magma; crustal melt; depleted mantle; NE Japan; Quaternary; slab fluid.
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